Monthly Archives: January 2015

Tropical Cyclone Bansi Maintaining Intensity Northeast of Mauritius

At 11:00 p.m. EST on Wednesday the center of Tropical Cyclone Bansi was located at latitude 17.6°S and longitude 60.3°E which put it about 270 miles northeast of Port Louis, Mauritius.  Bansi was moving toward the east-southeast at 8 m.p.h.  The maximum sustained wind was 105 m.p.h. and it was estimated there were wind gusts to 125 m.p.h.  The minimum surface pressure was estimated to be 954 mb.

An eyewall replacement cycle altered the structure of Tropical Cyclone Bansi.  It previously had a small eye which had a diameter of 10-15 miles.  The outer eyewall has not contracted significantly since the inner eye dissipated.  Thus, Bansi is now a tropical cyclone with a large circular eye with a diameter of about 60 miles.  The circulation around Bansi seems to have achieved a rough equilibrium  with its surrounding environment and the intensity did not change much on Wednesday.  Bansi remains over warm Sea Surface Temperatures and in an area of light upper level winds.  So, it is still possible that some intensification could occur in the short term.  When Bansi moves to a higher latitude it will encounter cooler water and more wind shear and start to weaken.

A subtropical ridge near Bansi is expected to start to exert a greater influence and start to accelerate it toward the southeast at a faster speed in about 24 hours.

 

Tropical Depression 01W Forms East of Yap

The first tropical depression of 2015 over the Western North Pacific Ocean formed east of Yap on Tuesday.  At 7:00 p.m. EST on Tuesday the center of Tropical Depression 01W (TD01W) was located at latitude 10.1°N and longitude 139.9°E which put it about 130 miles east-northeast of Yap and about 1250 miles east-southeast of Manila, Philippines.  TD01W was moving toward the northwest at 13 m.p.h.  The maximum sustained wind speed was 35 m.p.h. and there were gusts to 45 m.p.h.  The minimum surface pressure was estimated to be 1000 mb.

A subtropical ridge is generating southeasterly winds over the top of TD01W and producing moderate wind shear.  The wind shear is causing much of the thunderstorm activity to be located in the northwestern part of the circulation around TD01W.  The lack of thunderstorms in the southern portion of the circulation is limiting the intensification of the tropical depression.  TD01W is over Sea Surface Temperatures that are around 30°C and so the potential for intensification exists if the speed of the upper level winds diminish.

The subtropical ridge is expected to continue to steer the tropical depression in a general west or west-northwesterly direction during the next few days.  This projected path could bring the tropical cyclone near the Philippines later this week.

 

Eyewall Replacement Cycle Weakens Tropical Cyclone Bansi

At 7:00 p.m. EST on Tuesday the center of Tropical Cyclone Bansi was located at latitude 17.4°S and longitude 58.2°E which put it about 200 miles north-northeast of Port Louis, Mauritius.  Bansi was moving toward the east-southeast at 3 m.p.h.  The maximum sustained wind speed was 130 m.p.h. and it was estimated there could be wind gusts to 160 m.p.h.  The estimated minimum surface pressure was 944 mb.

An outer rain band wrapped completely around the existing eyewall of Tropical Cyclone Bansi to create concentric eyewalls.  As the low level convergence became concentrated on the outer eyewall, the inner eyewall began to weaken.  This resulted in a reduction of the maximum sustained wind speed and a rise in the minimum surface pressure.  Satellite imagery indicates that most of the inner eyewall has dissipated, but some of it still remains.  The strongest winds are now occurring in the outer eyewall.  The eyewall replacement cycle also resulted in a larger circulation.  Bansi is still over warm Sea Surface Temperatures and the upper level winds are relatively weak.  So, some reintensification is possible during the next 24 hours, but it is always challenging to predict intensity changes after an eyewall replacement cycle.  As Bansi moves to higher latitudes, the Sea Surface Temperature will decrease and wind shear will increase.  So, Bansi is expected to weaken later this week.

Bansi remains in an area of weak steering winds.  As a result, it is moving slowly toward the east-southeast.  A subtropical ridge is expected to strengthen in about 24 hours and begin to steer Bansi southeastward at an increasing speed.  The projected track is expected to keep the core of Bansi northeast of Mauritius.

 

Bansi Now a Powerful Tropical Cyclone North of Mauritius

Tropical Cyclone Bansi continued to intensify rapidly on Monday and it is now the equivalent of a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.  At 4:00 p.m. EST on Monday the center of Tropical Cyclone Bansi was located at latitude 17.6°S and longitude 57.2°E which put it about 175 miles north of Port Louis, Mauritius and about 225 miles north-northeast of Saint Denis, La Réunion.  Bansi was moving toward the east-southeast at 4 m.p.h.  The maximum sustained wind speed was 150 m.p.h. and it was estimated that there could be wind gusts to 185 m.p.h.  The minimum surface pressure was estimated to be 926 mb.

Bansi has been in a nearly perfect environment for rapid intensification of a tropical cyclone.  The Sea Surface Temperature is near 30°C, which means there is plenty of energy in the upper ocean.  The upper level winds are light and that has allowed convection near the center of circulation to drive strong upper level divergence.  The upper level divergence has pumped out mass and the pressure has fallen rapidly.  The circulation around Bansi is very symmetrical and there is a well developed eye that is visible on satellite imagery.  The environment around Bansi is expected to remain favorable for intensification and it is possible that it could reach the equivalent of a Category 5 hurricane.  Eyewall replacement cycles are common in strong hurricanes and if they develop they can cause periodic fluctuations in intensity.  Eventually,when Bansi moves toward higher latitudes, wind shear will increase and it will begin to weaken.

As the upper level winds around Bansi have diminished, the steering currents have weakened.  Bansi is expected to move slowly in a generally east-southeasterly direction for the next 24 to 48 hours.  The projected path would take the center northeast of Mauritius.  Eventually, a subtropical ridge is expected to strengthen and accelerate Bansi toward the southeast.  If a sharper southeasterly turn occurs, that would bring the center of Bansi closer to Mauritius.

 

Tropical Cyclone Bansi Intensifying Rapidly North of La Reunion

A tropical cyclone has intensified rapidly north of La Réunion during the past 24 hours.  At 1:00 p.m. EST on Sunday the center of Tropical Cyclone Bansi was located at latitude 17.1°N and longitude 55.1°E which put it about 300 miles north of Saint Denis, La Réunion and about 250 miles northwest of Port Louis, Mauritius.  Bansi was moving toward the south-southeast at 5 m.p.h.  The maximum sustained wind speed was 75 m.p.h. and there were wind gusts to 90 m.p.h.  The minimum surface pressure was estimated to be 974 mb.

The circulation around Bansi organized rapidly on Sunday and it exhibits a symmetrical shape with a well developed eye at its center.  The circulation is small, but it has well developed upper level outflow to pump out mass.  Bansi is over Sea Surface Temperatures that are warmer than 30°C which provide plenty of energy to intensify the circulation further.  Bansi could intensify rapidly for another 24 hours and become a very strong tropical cyclone as it passes near Mauritius.

Bansi is being steered to the south-southeast by a ridge of high pressure.  The ridge is expected to continue to steer Bansi in a general southeasterly direction, although there could be short-term jogs to the east-southeast or south-southeast.  The anticipated track could bring Bansi near Mauritius in 48-72 hours.

 

Convection Redevelops in Remnants of Jangmi

Upper level wind shear decreased over the remnants of Jangmi on Thursday and thunderstorms redeveloped on the western side of the circulation.  At 11:00 p.m. EST on Thursday the center of circulation of the remnants of Jangmi was located at latitude 5.8°N and longitude 112.0°E which put it about 360 miles northeast of Kuching, Malaysia on the island of Borneo and about 600 miles east of Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.  The center of circulation was moving just slightly south of due west at 8 m.p.h.  The maximum sustained wind speed was 35 m.p.h. with gusts to 45 m.p.h.  The minimum surface pressure was 1007 mb.

The subtropical ridge that was pushing strong southeasterly winds in the upper levels over the top of the remnants of Jangmi weakened slightly on Thursday.  As the upper level winds slowed down, it allowed more thunderstorms to develop around the western half of the circulation.  The increase of convection also increased the vertical extent of the circulation and created the potential for Jangmi to redevelop as a tropical cyclone.  The circulation is over Sea Surface Temperatures near 28°C, which provide sufficient energy to support a tropical cyclone.

As the circulation has grown taller, it has been steered more toward the west.  That pushed the center of circulation north of the northern tip of Borneo and kept it over the South China Sea.  Guidance suggests that the remnants of Jangmi will continue to move in a generally westerly direction which would take it toward Malaysia.

 

Remnants of Jangmi Approaching Northern Borneo

Wind shear continues to prevent reintensification of former Tropical Storm Jangmi and the circulation consists primarily of shallow convection.  The system still possesses a well developed cyclonic circulation in the lower atmosphere that is clearly apparent on visible satellite imagery.  At 11:00 p.m. EST on Wednesday the center of the remnants of Jangmi were located at latitude 6.8°N and longitude 118.8°E which put it about 175 miles west-northwest of Jolo in the Philippines, about 140 miles east of Kudat, Malaysia and about 150 miles northeast of Sandakan, Malaysia.  The center was moving toward the west-southwest at 6 m.p.h.  The maximum sustained wind speed was 30 m.p.h. and there were gusts to 40 m.p.h.  The minimum surface pressure was 1007 mb.

A subtropical ridge to the north of Jangmi continues to generate southeasterly winds with speeds near 35 m.p.h. in the upper levels over the system.  The strong upper level winds are shearing the tops of thunderstorms which start to develop near the center and are preventing the redevelopment of Jangmi.  The center of circulation is over warm Sea Surface Temperatures and so convection continues to develop but the strong wind shear keeps it shallow.

Since circulation is comprised almost entirely of shallow convection it is being steered by the winds in the lower level of the atmosphere.  Those winds are likely to continue to carry the circulation in a generally west-southwesterly direction, which would bring it near the northern coast of Borneo in 18 to 24 hours.  It could produce locally heavy rainfall and some flooding may be possible where it makes landfall.