Category Archives: Tropical Cyclones

Information about tropical cyclones

Tropical Storm Fernand Passes Far South of Newfoundland

Tropical Storm Fernand passed far to the south of Newfoundland on Tuesday.  At 5:00 p.m. EDT on Tuesday the center of Tropical Storm Fernand was located at latitude 38.1°N and longitude 53.4°W which put the center about 595 miles (955 km) south of Cape Race, Newfoundland.  Fernand was moving toward the northeast at 12 m.p.h. (19 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 40 m.p.h. (65 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 50 m.p.h. (80 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 1007 mb.

Tropical Storm Fernand weakened on Tuesday as it passed far to the south of Newfoundland.  Fernand continued to move under the southeastern side of an upper level ridge over the North Atlantic.  The upper level ridge produced northerly winds that blew across the top of Fernand’s circulation.  Those winds caused moderate vertical wind shear.  The vertical wind shear caused the distribution of thunderstorms in Tropical Storm Fernand to remain asymmetrical.  Thunderstorms were occurring in bands in the southern part of Fernand’s circulation.  Bands in the northern part of Tropical Storm Fernand consisted primarily of showers and lower clouds.

The distribution of wind speeds around Tropical Storm Fernand was asymmetrical.   Winds to tropical storm force extended out 90 miles (145 km) in the eastern side of Fernand’s circulation.  The winds in the western side of Tropical Storm Fernand were blowing at less than tropical storm force.

Tropical Storm Fernand will move through an environment that will be unfavorable for intensification of a tropical storm during the next 24 hours.  Fernand will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 25°C.  The upper level wind ridge over the North Atlantic will continue to cause moderate vertical wind shear.  The combination of cooler water and vertical wind shear will prevent Tropical Storm Fernand from intensifying during the next 24 hours.

Tropical Storm Fernand will move around the northern side of a high pressure system over the Atlantic Ocean.  The high pressure system will steer Fernand toward the east-northeast during the next 24 hours.  On its anticipated track, Tropical Storm Fernand will remain far to the southeast of Newfoundland on Wednesday.

Tropical Storm Fernand Starts to Weaken

Tropical Storm Fernand started to weaken on Monday evening.  At 11:00 p.m. EDT on Monday the center of Tropical Storm Fernand was located at latitude 36.1°N and longitude 56.3°W which put the center about 550 miles (890 km) east-northeast of Bermuda.  Fernand was moving toward the northeast at 13 m.p.h. (21 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 50 m.p.h. (80 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 65 m.p.h. 1095 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 1002 mb.

Tropical Storm Fernanda started to weaken on Monday evening as it moved over the Atlantic Ocean east-northeast of Bermuda.  Fernand moved under the southeastern part of an upper level ridge over the North Atlantic.  The upper level ridge produced northerly winds that blew across the top of Fernand’s circulation.  Those winds caused moderate vertical wind shear.  The vertical wind shear caused the distribution of thunderstorms in Tropical Storm Fernand to become asymmetrical.  Thunderstorms were still occurring in bands in the southeastern part of Fernand’s circulation.  Bands in the other parts of Tropical Storm Fernand consisted primarily of showers and lower clouds.

The circulation around Tropical Storm Fernand was small.  Winds to tropical storm force extended out 80 miles (130 km) from the center of Fernand’s circulation.

Tropical Storm Fernand will move through an environment that will be unfavorable for intensification during the next 24 hours.  Fernand will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 26°C.  However, the upper level wind ridge over the North Atlantic will continue to cause moderate vertical wind shear.  The vertical wind shear will cause Tropical Storm Fernand to weaken during the next 24 hours.

Tropical Storm Fernand will move around the northwestern side of a high pressure system over the Atlantic Ocean.  The high pressure system will steer Fernand toward the northeast during the next 24 hours.  On its anticipated track, Tropical Storm Fernand will pass well to the south of Newfoundland on Tuesday.

Tropical Storm Juliette Forms South of Baja California

Tropical Storm Juliette formed over the Eastern North Pacific Ocean south of Baja California early on Monday.  At 5:00 a.m. EDT on Monday the center of Tropical Storm Julliette was located at latitude 16.8°N and longitude 111.8°W which put the center about 440 miles (770 km) south-southwest of the southern tip of Baja California.  Juliette was moving toward the west-northwest at 13 m.p.h. (21 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 40 m.p.h. (65 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 50 m.p.h. (80 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 1003 mb.

A low pressure system over the Eastern North Pacific Ocean south of Baja California strengthened early on Monday and the U.S. National Hurricane Center designated the system as Tropical Storm Juliette.

More thunderstorms were developing near the center of Tropical Storm Juliette on Monday morning.  Thunderstorms were also forming in bands revolving around the center of Juliette’s circulation.  Storms near the center of Juliette began to generate upper level divergence that pumped mass away from the tropical storm.  The removal of mass caused the surface pressure to decrease.

The strongest winds were occurring in the northern side of Tropical Storm Juliette.  Winds to tropical storm force extended out 50 miles (80 km) in the northern side of Juliette’s circulation.  The winds in the southern side of Tropical Storm Juliette were blowing at less than tropical storm force.

Tropical Storm Juliette will move through an environment favorable for intensification during the next 24 hours.  Juliette will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 28°C.  It will move under the southwestern part of an upper level ridge centered over Mexico.  The upper level ridge will produce easterly winds that will blow toward the top of Juliette’s circulation.  Those winds will cause some vertical wind shear, but he wind shear will not be enough to prevent intensification.  Tropical Storm Juliette will intensify during the next 24 hours.

Tropical Storm Juliette will move around the southern side of a high pressure system over the Eastern North Pacific Ocean.  The high pressure system will steer Juliette toward the west-northwest during the next 24 hours.  On its anticipated track, Tropical Storm Juliette will move southwest of Baja California.

 

Typhoon Kajiki Hits Northern Vietnam

Typhoon Kajiki hit the coast of northern Vietnam near Vinh early on Monday.  At 5:00 a.m. EDT on Monday the center of Typhoon Kajiki was located at latitude 18.6°N and longitude 105.7°E which put the center about 10 miles (15 km) southeast of Vinh, Vietnam.  Kajiki was moving toward the west at 13 m.p.h. (21 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 105 m.p.h. (165 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 125 m.p.h. (200 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 967 mb.

The center of Typhoon Kajiki hit the coast of northern Vietnam near Vinh early on Monday.  The circulation around Typhoon Kajiki was relatively small.  Winds to typhoon force extended out 40 miles (65 km/h) from the center of Kajiki’s circulation.  Winds to tropical storm force extended out 90 miles (145 km) from the center of Typhoon Kajiki.

The Hurricane Intensity Index (HII) for Typhoon Kajiki is 17.8.  The Hurricane Size Index (HSI) is 11.9 and the Hurricane Wind Intensity Size Index (HWISI) is 29.7.  Typhoon Kajiki is similar in size and intensity to Hurricane Sally when Sally hit South Alabama in 2020.

Typhoon Kajiki will move around the southern side of a high pressure system over China.  The high pressure system will steer Kajiki toward the west-northwest during the next 24 hours.  On its anticipated track, Typhoon Kajiki will move inland over northern Vietnam.  Kajiki will move over northern Laos in 12 to 18 hours.

Typhoon Kajiki will bring strong winds and locally heavy rain to northern Vietnam.  Heavy rain is likely to cause flash floods in some locations.  Kajiki will weaken steadily as it moves inland, but it could also drop heavy rain over parts of northern Laos and northern Thailand.

Tropical Storm Fernand Passes East of Bermuda

Tropical Storm Fernand passed east of Bermuda on Sunday.  At 5:00 p.m. EDT on Sunday the center of Tropical Storm Fernand was located at latitude 31.8°N and longitude 59.8°W which put the center about 295 miles (475 km) east of Bermuda.  Fernand was moving toward the north-northeast at 13 m.p.h. (21 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 45 m.p.h. (75 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 60 m.p.h. (95 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 1009 mb.

Tropical Storm Fernand strengthened gradually on Sunday as it passed east of Bermuda.  More thunderstorms developed near the center of Fernand’s circulation.  More thunderstorms also formed in bands revolving around the center of Tropical Storm Fernand.  Storms near the center of Fernand generated upper level divergence that pumped more mass away from the tropical storm.

The strongest winds were blowing in the eastern side of Tropical Storm Fernand.  Winds to tropical storm force extended out 60 miles (95 km) in the eastern side of Fernand’s circulation.  The winds in the western side of Fernand were blowing at less than tropical storm force.

Tropical Storm Fernand will move through an environment favorable for intensification during the next 24 hours.  Fernand will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 28°C.  It will move under the eastern side of an upper level trough that is east of the U.S.  The upper level trough will produce westerly winds that will blow toward the top of Fernand’s circulation.  Those winds will cause some vertical wind shear.  The vertical wind shear will inhibit intensification, but the wind shear will not be enough to prevent intensification.  Tropical Storm Fernand will intensify during the next 24 hours.

The upper level trough that is east of the U.S. will steer Tropical Storm Fernand toward the northeast during the next 24 hours.  On its anticipated track, Tropical Storm Fernand move farther away from Bermuda on Monday.

Typhoon Kajiki Brings Wind and Rain to Hainan

Typhoon Kajiki brought wind and rain to Hainan on Sunday.  At 5:00 a.m. EDT on Sunday the center of Typhoon Kajiki was located at latitude 17.5°N and longitude 109.8°E which put the center about 50 miles (80 km) south-southeast of Sanya, China.  Kajiki was moving toward the west at 11 m.p.h. (17 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 105 m.p.h. (165 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 125 m.p.h. (200 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 967 mb.

Typhoon Kajiki rapidly intensified to the equivalent of a Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale during Saturday night.  A circular eye with a diameter of 25 miles (40 km) formed at the center of Kajiki’s circulation.  The eye was surrounded by a ring of thunderstorms and the strongest winds were occurring in that ring of storms.  Bands of showers and thunderstorms were revolving around the center of Typhoon Kajiki.  Storms near the center of Kajiki generated strong upper level divergence that pumped large quantities of mass away from the typhoon.  The removal of large amounts of mass caused the surface pressure to decrease rapidly.

The circulation around Typhoon Kajiki became more symmetrical when it rapidly intensified.  Winds to typhoon force extended out 30 miles (50 km) from the center of Kajiki’s circulation.  Winds to tropical storm force extended out 115 miles (185 km) from the center of Typhoon Kajiki.

The Hurricane Intensity Index (HII) for Typhoon Kajiki is 17.8.  The Hurricane Size Index (HSI) is 11.3 and the Hurricane Wind Intensity Size Index (HWISI) is 29.1.  Typhoon Kajiki is similar in size and intensity to Hurricane Sally when Sally hit South Alabama in 2020.

Typhoon Kajiki will move through an environment that is favorable for intensification during the next 24 hours.  Kajiki will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 29°C.  It will move under the southern part of an upper level ridge over China.  The upper level ridge will produce northeasterly winds that will blow toward the top of Kajiki’s circulation.  The winds in the lower levels of the atmosphere will also blow from the northeast.  So, there will be little vertical wind shear.  Typhoon Kajiki will intensify during the next 24 hours as long as the center remains south of Hainan.  Kajiki could strengthen to the equivalent of a major hurricane.

Typhoom Kajiki will move around the southern side of a high pressure system over China.  The high pressure system will steer Kajiki toward the west during the next 24 hours.  On its anticipated track, the center of Typhoon Kajiki will continue to pass south of Hainan during the next 12 hours.  Kajiki will hit the coast of  northern Vietnam in 24 hours.

Typhoon Kajiki will continue bring strong winds and heavy rain to Hainan during the next 12 hours.  Heavy rain is likely to cause flash floods in some locations.

Typhoon Kajiki will also bring strong winds and heavy rain to northern Vietnam.  Heavy rain is likely to cause flash floods there as well.  Typhoon Kajiki could cause a storm surge of up to 10 feet (3 meters) along the coast of northern Vietnam.

Kajiki Strengthens to a Typhoon

Former Tropical Storm Kajiki strengthened to a typhoon over the South China Sea southeast of Hainan on Saturday night.  At 11:00 p.m. EDT on Saturday the center of Typhoon Kajiki was located at latitude 17.3°N and longitude 110.6°E which put the center about 85 miles (135 km) south-southeast of Lingshui, China.  Kajiki was moving toward the west at 13 m.p.h. (21 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 75 m.p.h. (120 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 90 m.p.h. (145 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 985 mb.

Former Tropical Storm Kajiki strengthened to a typhoon on Saturday night. The inner end of a rainband wrapped around the center of Typhoon Kajiki.  A small circular eye was visible at the center of Kajiki’s circulation.  The eye was surrounded by a ring of thunderstorms and the strongest winds were occurring in that ring of storms.  Bands of showers and thunderstorms were revolving around the center of Typhoon Kajiki.  Storms near the center of Kajiki generated upper level divergence that pumped mass away from the typhoon.  The removal of mass caused the surface pressure to decrease.

The size of the circulation around Typhoon Kajiki increased as Kajiki strengthened on Saturday.  Winds to typhoon force extended out 40 miles (65 km) from the center of Kajiki’s circulation.  Winds to tropical storm force extended out 145 miles (235 km) from the center of Typhoon Kajiki.

Typhoon Kajiki will move through an environment that is favorable for intensification during the next 24 hours.  Kajiki will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 29°C.  It will move under the southern part of an upper level ridge over China.  The upper level ridge will produce northeasterly winds that will blow toward the top of Kajiki’s circulation.  The winds in the lower levels of the atmosphere will also blow from the northeast.  So, there will be little vertical wind shear.  Typhoon Kajiki will intensify during the next 24 hours as long as the center passes south of Hainan.

Typhoom Kajiki will move around the southern side of a high pressure system over China.  The high pressure system will steer Kajiki toward the west during the next 24 hours.  On its anticipated track, the center of Typhoon Kajiki will pass south of Hainan during the next 12 hours.  Kajiki will approach northern Vietnam in 24 hours.

Typhoon Kajiki will bring strong winds and heavy rain to Hainan.  Heavy rain is likely to cause flash floods in some locations.

Typhoon Kajiki will also bring strong winds and heavy rain to northern Vietnam.  Heavy rain is likely to cause flash floods there as well.  Typhoon Kajiki could cause a storm surge of up to 8 feet (2.4 meters) along the coast of northern Vietnam.

Tropical Storm Fernand Forms South-southeast of Bermuda

Tropical Storm Fernand formed over the Atlantic Ocean south-southeast of Bermuda on Saturday afternoon.  At 5:00 p.m. EDT on Saturday the center of Tropical Storm Fernand was located at latitude 27.2°N and longitude 61.4°W which put the center about 405 miles (655 km) south-southeast of Bermuda.  Fernand was moving toward the north at 15 m.p.h. (24 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 40 m.p.h. (65 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 50 m.p.h. (80 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 1010 mb.

A low pressure system over the Atlantic Ocean south-southeast of Bermuda exhibited more organization on Saturday afternoon and the U.S. National Hurricane Center designated the system as Tropical Storm Fernand.

The distribution of thunderstorms in Tropical Storm Fernand was asymmetrical.  A few thunderstorms were occurring in bands in the eastern side of Fernand’s circulation.  Bands in the other parts of Tropical Storm Fernand consisted primarily of showers and lower clouds.

The distribution of winds speeds in Tropical Storm Fernand was also asymmetrical.  Winds to tropical storm force extended out 105 miles (165 km) in the southeastern quadrant of Fernand’s circulation.  The winds in the other parts of Tropical Storm Fernand were blowing at less than tropical storm force.

Tropical Storm Fernand will move through an environment somewhat favorable for intensification during the next 24 hours.  Fernand will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 29°C.  It will move under the eastern side of an upper level trough off the east coast of the U.S.  The upper level trough will produce westerly winds that will blow toward the top of Fernand’s circulation.  Those winds will cause moderate vertical wind shear.  Fernand will move into a region of drier air.  The moderate vertical wind shear and the drier air will inhibit intensification.  Tropical Storm Fernand could intensify slowly on Sunday in spite of the moderate wind shear and drier air.

Tropical Storm Fernand will move around the western end of a subtropical high pressure system.  The high pressure system will steer Fernand toward the north-northeast during the next 24 hours.  On its anticipated track, Tropical Storm Fernand will pass east of Bermuda on Sunday.

Tropical Storm Kajiki Forms Over South China Sea

Tropical Storm Kajiki formed over the South China Sea on Friday night.  At 11:00 p.m. EDT on Friday the center of Tropical Storm Kajiki was located at latitude 17.6°N and longitude 115.9°E which put the center about 365 miles (590 km) south-southeast of Hong Kong.  Kajiki was moving toward the west-northwest at 12 m.p.h. (19 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 45 m.p.h. (75 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 60 m.p.h. (95 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 1000 mb.

A low pressure system over the South China Sea strengthened on Friday evening and the Japan Meteorological Agency designated the system as Tropical Storm Kajiki.

The circulation around Tropical Storm Kajiki exhibited much more organization on Friday night.  Numerous thunderstorms were forming around the center of Kajiki’s circulation.  Thunderstorms also developed in bands revolving around the center of Tropical Storm Kajiki.  Storms near the center of Kajiki generated upper level divergence that pumped mass away from the tropical storm.  The removal of mass caused the surface pressure to decrease.

The distribution of wind speeds around Tropical Storm Kajiki was asymmetrical.  Winds to tropical storm force extended out 130 miles (210 km) in the northwestern quadrant of Kajiki’s circulation.  Winds to tropical storm force extended out 80 miles (130 km) in the other parts of Tropical Storm Kajiki.

Tropical Storm Kajiki will move through an environment that is favorable for intensification during the next 24 hours.  Kajiki will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 29°C.  It will move under the southern part of an upper level ridge over China.  The upper level ridge will produce easterly winds that will blow toward the top of Kajiki’s circulation.  The winds in the lower levels of the atmosphere will also blow from the east.  So, there will be little vertical wind shear.  Tropical Storm Kajiki will intensify during the next 24 hours.  Kajiki could strengthen to a typhoon during the weekend.

Tropical Storm Kajiki will move around the southern side of a high pressure system over China.  The high pressure system will steer Kajiki toward the west-northwest during the next 24 hours.  On its anticipated track, Tropical Storm Kajiki will approach southern Hainan in 24 hours.

Tropical Storm Kajiki could be a typhoon when it approaches southern Hainan.  Kajiki will bring strong winds and heavy rain to Hainan.  Heavy rain is likely to cause flash floods in some locations.

Erin Transitions to Powerful Extratropical Cyclone

Former Hurricane Erin made a transition to a powerful extratropical cyclone over the Atlantic Ocean south of Nova Scotia on Friday.  At 5:00 p.m. EDT on Friday the center of former Hurricane Erin was located at latitude 40.0°N and longitude 59.7°W which put the center about 375 miles (605 km) south-southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia.  Erin was moving toward the east-northeast at 33 m.p.h. (54 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 90 m.p.h. (145 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 105 m.p.h. (165 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 957 mb.

Former Hurricane Erin made a transition to a large and powerful extratropical cyclone on Friday.  The structure of Erin’s circulation changed as part of its transition to an extratropical cyclone.  A warm front now extends east of the center of Erin’s circulation.  A cold front extends southwest of the center of former Hurricane Erin.

The size of the circulation around former Hurricane Erin increased as Erin made its transition to an extratropical cyclone.  Winds to hurricane force extend out 125 miles (200 km) from the center of circulation.  Winds to tropical storm force extend out 440 miles (705 km) from the center of former Hurricane Erin.

The Hurricane Intensity Index (HII) for former Hurricane Erin is 13.9.  The Hurricane Size Index (HSI) is 47.3 and the Hurricane Wind Intensity Size Index (HWISI) is 61.2.  Former Hurricane Erin is similar in size and intensity to Hurricane Sandy when Sandy hit the east coast of the U.S. in 2012.

The westerly winds in the middle latitudes will steer former Hurricane Erin quickly toward the east-northeast during the next few days.  On its anticipated track the powerful extratropical cyclone will be south of Iceland by early next week.