Category Archives: Indian Ocean

Tropical Cyclone Fantala Almost Equal to Cat. 5 Hurricane

Tropical Cyclone Fantala intensified further on Saturday and it is almost the equivalent of a Category 5 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.  At 8:00 p.m. EDT on Saturday the center of Tropical Cyclone Fantala was located at latitude 11.1°S and longitude 53.4°E which put it about 620 miles north of St. Denis, La Reunion.  Fantala was moving toward the west-northwest at 12 m.p.h. (19 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 155 m.p.h. (250 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 190 m.p.h. (305 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 922 mb.

Tropical Cyclone Fantala increased in both intensity and size again on Saturday.  Hurricane force winds now extend out about 60 miles (95 km) south of the center of circulation.  The Hurricane Intensity Index (HII) for Fantala is 33.3.  The Hurricane Size Index (HSI) is 18.7 and the Hurricane Wind Intensity Size Index (HWISI) is 52.0.

The circulation of Tropical Cyclone Fantala is very well organized.  It has a clearly visible eye on satellite imagery.  The eye is surrounded by a ring of strong thunderstorms.  Additional bands of thunderstorms are rotating around the core of the circulation.  The thunderstorms are generating strong upper level divergence which is pumping out mass in all directions.

The environment around Tropical Cyclone Fantala is favorable.  It is over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 29°C.  The upper level winds are weak and there is little vertical wind shear.  Tropical Cyclone Fantala could intensify a little more during the next 24 hours.  If one of the rainbands wraps around the existing eye, and eyewall replacement cycle could cause fluctuations of intensity.

A subtropical ridge southwest of Fantala is steering the tropical cyclone toward the west-northwest.  That general motion is expected to continue for another 24 to 36 hours.  In a day or so Fantala will move into an area where the steering currents are weaker and it could slow down or stall.  Eventually a northwesterly flow is forecast turn Tropical Cyclone Fantala back toward the southeast.  However, guidance from numerical models differs on when and where the southeasterly turn will occur.

On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Fantala could be near the northern end of Madagascar in a day or two.  The current size and intensity of Fantala means that it could produce regional significant damage if it were to hit land.  The future track of Fantala will determine if the tropical cyclone has an impact on Madagascar.

Tropical Cyclone Fantala Intensifies to Equivalent of Cat. 4 Hurricane

Tropical Cyclone Fantala continued to get stronger on Friday and it is now the equivalent of a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.  At 5:00 p.m. EDT on Friday the center of Tropical Cyclone Fantala was located at latitude 12.4°S and longitude 57.6°E which put it about 530 miles (860 km) north of Port Louis, Mauritius.  Fantala was moving toward the west at 8 m.p.h. (13 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed  was 150 m.p.h. (240 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 185 m.p.h. (295 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 926 mb.

Tropical Cyclone Fantala is very well organized.  There is a ring of strong thunderstorms surrounding a well formed eye.  Other spiral bands are rotating near the core of the circulation.  Thunderstorms are generating upper level divergence which is pumping out large amounts of mass and allowing the surface pressure to decrease further.  The Hurricane Intensity Index (HII) for Tropical Cyclone Fantala is 31.6.  The Hurricane Size Index (HSI) is 18.4 and the Hurricane Wind Intensity Size Index (HWISI) is 50.0.

Fantala continues to exist in an environment favorable for intensification.  It is over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 30°C.  The upper level winds are weak and there is little vertical wind shear.  Fantala could become the equivalent of a Category 5 hurricane during the next 24 hours.  Fantala appeared to go through an eyewall replacement cycle on Thursday and further cycles could produce additional fluctuations in intensity.

A subtropical ridge located southwest of Fantala is steering the tropical cyclone toward the west.  Movement toward the west or west-northwest is expected during the next 24 to 48 hours.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Fantala could be northeast of the northern tip of Madagascar by the end of the weekend.  Fantala is a powerful, dangerous tropical cyclone and it would be capable of doing regional serious damage if it made landfall.

Tropical Cyclone Fantala Gets Bigger and Stronger

Tropical Cyclone Fantala grew in size and intensity on Wednesday.  At 8:00 p.m. EDT on Wednesday the center of Tropical Cyclone Fantala was located at latitude 12.7°N and longitude 64.2°E which put it about 700 miles (1130 km) northeast of Port Louis, Mauritius.  Fantala was moving toward the west at 10 m.p.h. (16 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 105 m.p.h. (170 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 125 m.p.h. (200 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 956 mb.  The Hurricane Intensity Index (HII) was 17.8, the Hurricane Size Index (HSI) was 14.6 and the Hurricane Wind Intensity Size Index (HWISI) was 32.4.

Both the organization and size of the circulation of Fantala increased on Wednesday.  A complete eyewall formed around an eye at the center of the tropical cyclone.  Other well formed bands of thunderstorms developed and wrapped around the core of Fantala.  The structure of the tropical cyclone is much more symmetrical and there are thunderstorms in all quadrants of the circulation.  Winds to hurricane force extended out 35 miles (55 km) from the center of circulation.  Thunderstorms around the core of Fantala generated upper level divergence which pumped out mass and allowed the surface pressure to decrease.

Tropical Cyclone Fantala is an environment favorable for further intensification.  Fantala is over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 30°C.  The upper level winds are light and there is very little vertical wind shear.  The structure of Fantala will allow it to use the energy from the ocean very efficiently.  Fantala is likely to continue to intensify on Thursday and it could become the equivalent of a major hurricane.  As Fantala gets stronger, concentric eyewalls could develop and the resulting eyewall replacement cycles could produce fluctuations in intensity.

A subtropical ridge located to the south of Fantala is steering it toward the west and that general steering motion is expected to continue during the next several days.  On its anticipated track Fantala will pass north of Mauritus and La Reunion during the weekend.  Tropical Cyclone Fantala could be near northern Madagascar in a few days.

Tropical Cyclone Fantala Intensifies and Heads Slowly West

Tropical Cyclone Fantala intensified into the the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon as it headed slowed west across the South Indian Ocean on Tuesday.  At 5:00 p.m. EDT on Tuesday the center of Tropical Cyclone Fantala was located at latitude 12.8°S and longitude 68.5°E which put it about 465 miles (755 km) south-southwest of Diego Garcia.  Fantala was moving toward the west-northwest at 5 m.p.h. (8 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 75 m.p.h. (120 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 90 m.p.h. (145 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 975 mb.

The core of Tropical Cyclone Fantala continued to get better organized on Tuesday.  The primary rainband wrapped entirely around the center of circulation and a small eye appeared intermittently on some satellite imagery.  Thunderstorms around the center of circulation began to produce more upper level divergence and high clouds could be seen fanning out in all directions.  The upper level divergence pumped out mass and allowed the surface pressure to decrease.

Fantala is a small tropical cyclone.  Tropical storm force winds only extend about 100 miles (160 km) from the center of circulation.  The Hurricane Size Index for Tropical Cyclone Fantala is only 8.1.

Tropical Cyclone Fantala is in an environment that appears to be mostly favorable for intensification.  It is over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 30°C.  The upper level winds are light and there is not much vertical wind shear.  The only possible negative factor is the presence of some drier air around the periphery of the circulation.  Tropical Cyclone Fantala is likely to intensify further and its small size could allow it to intensify rapidly at times.  Tropical Cyclone Fantala could become the equivalent of a major hurricane later this week.

A subtropical ridge located south of Fantala is steering the tropical cyclone toward the west and that general motion is expected to continue for the next several days.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Fantala could pass north of La Reunion in a few days.  Fantala could be northeast of Madagascar in four or five days.

Tropical Cyclone Fantala Forms South of Diego Garcia

A well organized center of circulation developed within a small area of thunderstorms south of Diego Garcia on Monday and the system was designated Tropical Cyclone Fantala.  At 8:00 p.m. EDT on Monday the center of Tropical Cyclone Fantala was located at latitude 13.0°S and longitude 70.8°E which put it about 420 miles (675 km) south-southwest of Diego Garcia.  Fantala was moving toward the west at 9 m.p.h. (14 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 50 m.p.h. (80 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 65 m.p.h. (105 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 989 mb.

The circulation of Tropical Cyclone is still organizing.  A primary rainband is wrapping around the southern and western sides of the center of circulation.  Most of the thunderstorms are near or in the primary rainband.  There are few thunderstorms east of the center of circulation.  The thunderstorms are generating upper level outflow to the west side of the circulation.

The environment is favorable for further intensification.  Fantala is over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 30°C.  An upper level ridge south of Fantala is generating light easterly winds over the core of the circulation.  The easterly winds are producing a little vertical wind shear.  The shear is strong enough to contribute to the asymmetrical distribution of thunderstorms, but it is not strong enough to prevent intensification.  Tropical Cyclone Fantala could become the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon within 24 hours.

A subtropical ridge south of Fantala is expected to steer the tropical cyclone in a general westerly direction during the next few days.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Fantala could be northeast of La Reunion later this week.

Weaker Tropical Cyclone Megh Close to Landfall in Yemen

Drier air from the Arabian peninsula finally entered the circulation of Tropical Cyclone Megh and most of the convection weakened on Monday.  At 10:00 p.m. EDT on Monday the center of Tropical Cyclone Megh was located at latitude 13.0°N and longitude 47.0°E which put it about 150 miles (240 km) east of Aden (Adan), Yemen.  Megh was moving toward the west-northwest at 15 m.p.h. (24 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 50 m.p.h. (80 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 65 m.p.h. (105 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 990 mb.

As Tropical Cyclone Megh moved closer to the coast of Yemen, it began to draw in drier air from the Arabian peninsula.  As the drier air penetrated the circulation, it cut off the energy from the convection and most of the thunderstorms dissipated.  Without a continuous supply of new energy Megh weakened and the wind speeds decreased.  As the center of circulation approached the coast, friction over land increased low level convergence and new thunderstorms formed near the center.  Those storms are producing winds to tropical storm force over the Gulf of Aden.

Tropical Cyclone Megh is moving around the western end of a subtropical ridge.  The ridge is steering Megh toward the west-northwest.   Tropical Cyclone Megh will make landfall near Ahwar, Yemen in a few hours.  It is still capable of producing locally heavy rain and causing flash flooding.

Tropical Cyclone Megh Hits Socotra Island and Brushes Somalia

Tropical Cyclone Megh moved over Socotra Island, Yemen on Sunday and it passed near the northeast coast of Somalia.  At 10:00 p.m. EDT on Sunday the center of Tropical Cyclone Megh was located at latitude 12.3°N and longitude 50.6°E which put it about 375 miles (605 km) east of Aden (Adan), Yemen and about 35 miles (55 km) north of Cape Guardafui, Somalia.  Megh was moving toward the west at 13 m.p.h. (21 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 105 m.p.h. (170 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 125 m.p.h. (200 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 957 mb.

Although Tropical Cyclone Megh weakened as it moved across Socotra Island, it remains a small, well organized storm.  Megh still has an eye surrounded by a ring of strong thunderstorms.  Those storm are generating upper level divergence which is pumping out mass in all direction.

Tropical Cyclone Megh is over warm water and the upper level winds are light.  The only negative factors are the proximity to Somalia and drier air over the Arabian peninsula.  As long as the center of Tropical Cyclone Megh stays north of Somalia, it will likely retain most of its intensity.  When Megh starts to get closer to the coast of Yemen, it will begin to draw in some drier air and weaken more rapidly.  Vertical wind shear could also increase in 24 to 36 hours, which would further speed the weakening process.

A subtropical ridge has been steering Megh toward the west and that general motion is expected to continue for another day or so.  After that time Megh will reach the western end of the ridge and start to move toward the northwest.  On its expected track, Tropical Cyclone Megh could approach the coast of Yemen on Tuesday.  It could still be the equivalent of a hurricane at that time.

Tropical Cyclone Megh may have caused significant damage on Socotra Island.  It will be capable of producing wind damage when it reaches Yemen, but heavy rain and flooding will be the greater risk.

Dangerous Tropical Cyclone Megh Nearing Socotra Island

Megh intensified rapidly Saturday into a dangerous tropical cyclone as it neared Socotra Island, Yemen.  At 10:00 p.m. EDT on Saturday the center of Tropical Cyclone Megh was located at latitude 12.8°N and longitude 55.5°E which put it about 105 miles (170 km) east of Socotra Island, Yemen.  Megh was moving toward the west at 13 m.p.h. (21 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 130 m.p.h. (210 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 150 m.p.h. (240 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 939 mb.

Tropical Cyclone Megh is the equivalent of a major hurricane even though it is a small storm.  Megh is a very symmetrical cyclone.  It has a five mile (8 km) wide eye which is surrounded by a ring of strong thunderstorms.  The convection in the core is generating upper level divergence which in pumping out mass.  Tropical storm force winds extend out 50 miles (80 km) from the center.

Tropical Cyclone Megh will remain in a favorable environment until it reaches Socotra Island.  It is over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 28°C.  The upper level winds are light and there is vertical wind shear.  Megh could intensify further until it reaches Socotra.  It should weaken when the core of the circulation interacts with island.

A subtropical ridge north of Megh is steering the tropical cyclone toward the west and that general motion is expected to continue for several more days.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Megh will reach Socotra Island in a few hours.  it is capable of producing wind damage and flooding.  Since Tropical Cyclone Chapala recently caused damage on Socotra, the impact of Tropical Cyclone Megh could be significant.

Tropical Cyclone Megh Moving Slowly West Over the Arabian Sea

Tropical Cyclone Megh moved slowly westward over the Arabian Sea on Friday.  At 4:00 p.m. EDT on Friday the center of Tropical Cyclone Megh was located at latitude 12.9°N and longitude 60.4°E which put it about 420 miles (680 km) east of Socotra Island, Yemen.  Megh was moving toward the west at 7 m.p.h. (11 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 50 m.p.h. (80 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 65 m.p.h. (105 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 990 mb.

The convection around Tropical Cyclone Megh diminished earlier today, but more thunderstorms have formed near the center of circulation during the past few hours.  Megh has a well formed, symmetrical circulation with an eyelike feature at the center.  It is a small cyclone and tropical storm force winds only extend out about 50 miles (80 km) from the center.  The new thunderstorms near the center of circulation are starting to generate upper level divergence.

Aside from the possible drier air, the environment surrounding Tropical Cyclone Megh is favorable for intensification,  It is over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 28°C.  The winds in the upper levels are light and there is not much vertical wind shear.  Now that thunderstorms are redeveloping near the core of the circulation, Tropical  Cyclone Megh should begin to intensify and it is still likely to reach hurricane intensity in a day or two.

A ridge north of Megh is steering the tropical cyclone toward the west and that general motion is expected to continue during the weekend.  On its anticipated track, Tropical Cyclone Megh could approach Socotra Island, Yemen in about 36 hours.  It could be the equivalent of a hurricane at that time.  Given the prior damage caused by Tropical Cyclone Chapala, Megh could have a significant impact on Socotra Island.

Tropical Cyclone Megh Forms Over the Arabian Sea

A new tropical cyclone, designated with the name Megh, formed Thursday over the same portion of the Arabian Sea where Tropical Cyclone Chapala developed.  At 4:00 p.m. EST on Thursday the center of Tropical Cyclone Megh was located at latitude 13.6°N and longitude 63.0°E which put it about 640 miles (1030 km) east of Socotra Island, Yemen.  Megh was moving toward the west-southwest at 6 m.p.h. (10 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 45 m.p.h. (75 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 60 m.p.h. (95 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 994 mb.

Tropical Cyclone Megh exhibited increased organization on Thursday.  A core of thunderstorms developed near the center of circulation and a primary rainband spirals around the northern and western sides of the tropical cyclone.  The thunderstorms near the core of Megh are beginning to generate upper level divergence, especially toward the east.

Tropical Cyclone Megh is an environment favorable for intensification.  It is over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 28°C.  An upper level ridge north of Megh is generating light northeasterly winds over the top of the tropical cyclone, but the vertical wind shear is modest.  Megh should continue to intensify and it could reach the equivalent of hurricane intensity in a day or two.

The ridge is steering Tropical Cyclone Megh a little south of due west and that general steering motion is expected to continue for several days.  On its anticipated track, Tropical Cyclone Megh could approach Socotra Island, Yemen in 48 to 60 hours.  Since the outer portions of Tropical Cyclone Chapala caused damage on Socotra Island, a direct hit by Tropical Cyclone Megh could have a significant impact there.