Tag Archives: Madagascar

Tropical Cyclone 03S Forms East of Madagascar

Tropical Cyclone 03S formed east of Madagascar on Tuesday.  At 4:00 p.m. EST on Tuesday the center of Tropical Cyclone 03S was centered at latitude 15.5°S and longitude 53.2°E which put it about 330 miles (530 km) east-northeast of Toamasina, Madagascar.  It was moving a little south of due west at 9 m.p.h. (15 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 40 m.p.h. (65 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 50 m.p.h. (80 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 996 mb.

A well defined center of circulation developed within a cluster of thunderstorms passing north of La Reunion on Tuesday.  A primary rainband wrapped around the center of circulation and the system exhibited the characteristics of a tropical cyclone.  The innermost end of the primary  rainband wrapped tightly around the eastern side of the center of circulation, while the rest of the band coiled around the northern and western parts of the tropical cyclone.  Additional bands of showers and thunderstorms were forming outside the core of the system.  Thunderstorms near the center of circulation were generating upper level divergence which was pumping mass away from the tropical cyclone.

Tropical Cyclone 03S will be moving through an environment favorable for intensification.  It will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 28.5°C.  Tropical Cyclone 03S is in a region where the upper level winds are weak and there is not much vertical wind shear.  Warm water and little shear will allow Tropical Cyclone 03S to intensify and it could intensify rapidly.  The system is likely to strengthen into the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon within 36 hours.

Tropical Cyclone 03S is moving along the northwestern periphery of a subtropical ridge.  The ridge is currently steering the system toward the west.  However, Tropical Cyclone 03S is likely to move more toward the southwest when it reaches the western end of the ridge.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone 03S could approach the east coast of Madagascar in 24 to 36 hours.

Tropical Cyclone 03S is likely to intensify into the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon before it reaches Madagascar.  It will bring strong gusty winds to eastern Madagascar.  The outer rainbands on the western side of Tropical Cyclone 03S are already dropping heavy rain on parts of eastern Madagascar.  Continued heavy could create dangerous floods in some locations.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo Hits Madagascar

Powerful Tropical Cyclone Enawo made landfall on the coast of northeastern Madagascar near Ambohitralanana on Tuesday.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo was the equivalent of a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale when it made landfall.  At 10:00 p.m. EST on Tuesday the center of Tropical Cyclone Enawo was located near latitude 15.5°S and longitude 49.2°E which put it near Mandritsara, Madagascar.  Enawo was moving toward the southwest at 7 m.p.h. (11 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 65 m.p.h. (105 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 80 m.p.h. (130 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 980 mb.

Even though the center has been over land for more than 12 hours the circulation of Tropical Cyclone Enawo is still very well organized.  The structure is very symmetrical and there are multiple bands of thunderstorms revolving around the center of circulation.  The strongest winds are occurring in the portions of the rainbands that are over the Indian Ocean.  The circulation of Tropical Cyclone Ewano is still very large and winds to tropical storm force extend out about 200 miles (320 km) from the center.  Thunderstorms near the core of the circulation are generating upper level divergence which is pumping out mass in all directions.

The circulation of Tropical Cyclone Enawo will continue to weaken on Wednesday because the center is over land.  However, the atmospheric environment is favorable for a tropical cyclone.  The upper level winds are weak and there is very little vertical wind shear.  The lack of wind shear will cause the circulation of Tropical Cyclone Enawo to spin down more slowly and it is likely to persist for several more days.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo is moving around the western end of a subtropical high pressure system which is steering the tropical cyclone toward the southwest.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo is likely to turn more toward the south on Wednesday as it reaches the western end of the subtropical high.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Enawo will move over the center of Madagascar and it could pass near Antananarivo in 24 to 36 hours.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo is producing very heavy rainfall and flash flooding is a serious risk in areas of steep terrain.

Powerful Tropical Cyclone Enawo Nears Madagascar

Powerful Tropical Cyclone Enawo neared Madagascar late on Monday.  At 11:00 p.m. EST on Monday the center of Tropical Cyclone Enawo was located at latitude 14.7°S and longitude 51.1°E which put it about 140 miles (225 km) northeast of Mananara, Madagascar.  Enawo was moving toward the west-southwest at 10 m.p.h. (16 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 145 m.p.h. (230 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 175 m.p.h. (285 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 931 mb.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo intensified rapidly on Monday and it is now the equivalent of a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.  The circulation of Tropical Cyclone Enawo is very well organized.  There is an circular eye with a diameter of 30 miles (50 km) at the center of the circulation.  The eye is surround by a ring of strong thunderstorms and the strongest winds are occurring in the eyewall.  The remainder of the circulation is symmetrical and additional well formed bands of thunderstorms are revolving around the core of the circulation.  Winds to hurricane force extend out about 70 miles (110 km) from the center.  Winds to tropical storm force extend out about 220 miles (350 km) from the center.

The Hurricane Intensity Index (HII) for Tropical Cyclone Enawo is 29.9.  The Hurricane Size Index (HSI) is 25.0 and the Hurricane Wind Intensity Size Index (HWISI) is 54.9.  The indices indicate that Tropical Cyclone Enawo is capable of causing significant widespread wind damage.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo is as intense as Hurricane Katrina was just before it made landfall in the coast of Mississippi in 2005.  Enawo is a little smaller than Hurricane Katrina was when Katrina was moving across the Gulf of Mexico in 2005.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo is moving through a very favorable environment.  Enawo is moving over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 29°C.  The upper level winds are weak and there is little vertical wind shear.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo is likely to maintain its intensity until it reaches the coast of Madagascar in a few hours.  Enawo will weaken after the center moves inland.

A subtropical ridge is steering Tropical Cyclone Enawo a little to the south of due west and that general motion is expected to continue for another 12 to 24 hours.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo will move near the western end of the subtropical ridge in another day or so and it will start to move more toward the south when it nears the end of the ridge.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Enawo will make landfall on the northeast coast of Madagascar near Ambohitralanana in a few hours.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo is a dangerous storm.  It is capable of causing widespread significant wind damage when it moves over eastern Madagascar.  The strong winds will also drive water toward the coast and Tropical Cyclone Enawo will generate a significant storm surge near where the center makes landfall.  Enawo will produce very heavy rain and significant inland flooding could occur if rainfall exceeds the capacity of rivers and streams.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo Moves Toward Madagascar and Strengthens

Tropical Cyclone Enawo moved toward Madagascar and strengthened on Sunday.  At 10:00 p.m. EST on Sunday the center of Tropical Cyclone Enawo was located at latitude 14.0°S and longitude 54.1°E which put it about 340 miles (550 km) east-northeast of Mananara, Madagascar.  Enawo was moving toward the west at 7 m.p.h.  The maximum sustained wind speed was 105 m.p.h. (170 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 125 m.p.h. (205 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 961 mb.

The circulation of Tropical Cyclone Enawo is very well organized.  A circular eye is at the center of circulation.  The eye is surrounded by a ring of thunderstorms.  Additional bands of showers and thunderstorms are revolving around the core of the circulation.  The circulation is very symmetrical although there are more thunderstorms in the northwestern quadrant of the circulation.  Thunderstorms in the core of the circulation are generating upper level divergence which is pumping mass away from the tropical cyclone.

The size of the circulation of Tropical Cyclone Enawo increased on Sunday.  Winds to hurricane force extend out about 30 miles (50 km) from the center of circulation.  Winds to tropical storm force extend out about 250 miles (400 km) from the center.  The Hurricane Intensity Index (HII) for Tropical Cyclone Enawo is 17.8.  The Hurricane Size Index (HSI) is 17.8 and the Hurricane Wind Intensity Size Index (HWISI) is 35.6.  These indices indicated that Tropical Cyclone Enawo is capable of causing serious wind damage on a regional scale.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo will continue to move through an favorable environment.  It will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 29°C.  The upper level winds are weak and there is little vertical wind shear.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo will continue to intensify during the next 24 hours and it could become the equivalent of a major hurricane.

A subtropical ridge is steering Tropical Cyclone Enawo toward the west and a general west or west-southwest motion is expected to continue during the next several days.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Enawo will approach the coast of Madagascar in about 36 hours.  Enawo will be capable of causing serious wind damage.  It will also generate a storm surge along the coast.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo will produce very heavy rain and a potential for flooding over eastern and southern Madagascar.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo Intensifies Into Equivalent of a Hurricane

Tropical Cyclone Enawo intensified into the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon on Saturday.  At 10:00 p.m. EST on Saturday the center of Tropical Cyclone Enawo was located at latitude 13.9°S and longitude 56.3°E which put it about 475 miles (765 km) north of St. Denis, La Reunion.  Enawo was moving toward the south at 2 m.p.h. (3 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 80 m.p.h. (130 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 95 m.p.h. (155 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 979 mb.

A primary rainband wrapped around the center of circulation and there was evidence of an eye on microwave satellite imagery.  A broken ring of thunderstorms surrounded the eye.  Additional bands of thunderstorms were rotating around the core of the circulation.  Thunderstorms near the center of circulation were generating upper level divergence which was pumping out mass in all directions.  The circulation of Tropical Cyclone Enawo is relatively small and winds to tropical storm force only extended out about 100 miles (160 km) from the center.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo will move through an environment very favorable for intensification during the next several days.  It will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 30°C.  The upper level winds are weak and there is little vertical wind shear.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo will continue to intensify and it could intensify rapidly for a time.  Tropical Cyclone Enawo is likely to become the equivalent of a major hurricane within 48 hours.

Tropical Cyclone Enawo was in an area where the steering currents were weak and it did not move much on Saturday.  A subtropical ridge east of Enawo is forecast to strengthen and extend westward.  When the ridge strengthens, it is expected to steer Tropical Cyclone Enawo toward the west-southwest.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Enawo could approach the coast of northeast Madagascar in 48 to 72 hours.  It could be a strong, dangerous tropical cyclone at that time.

Tropical Cyclone Dineo Intensifies As It Nears Mozambique

Tropical Cyclone Dineo intensified on Tuesday as it moved closer to Mozambique.  At 10:00 p.m. EST on Tuesday the center of Tropical Cyclone Dineo was located at latitude 22.8°S and longitude 37.5°E which put it about 160 miles (260 km) east-northeast of Inhambane, Mozambique.  Dineo was moving toward the west-southwest at 7 m.p.h. (11 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 70 m.p.h. (110 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 85 m.p.h. (135 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 981 mb.

Tropical Cyclone Dineo intensified on Tuesday and it was on the verge of reaching the intensity of a hurricane/typhoon.  A primary rainband wrapped most of the way around a circular eye.  There was a break on the western side of the developing eyewall.  The strongest winds were occurring in thunderstorms in the eyewall.  Several other bands of showers and thunderstorms were rotating around the core of Tropical Cyclone Dineo.  Thunderstorms around the core of Dineo were generating upper level divergence which was transporting mass away from the center of the tropical cyclone.

Tropical Cyclone Dineo will move through a favorable environment until it reaches Mozambique.  Dineo will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 30°C.  The upper level winds are weak and there is little vertical wind shear.  The favorable environment will allow Tropical Cyclone Dineo to continue to intensify during the next 12 to 18 hours.  It will become the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon on Wednesday.

A subtropical ridge is steering Tropical Cyclone Dineo toward the west-southwest and that general motion is expected to continue for another 12 to 24 hours.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Dineo is expected to make landfall on the coast of Mozambique north of Inhambane in less than 24 hours.  Tropical Cyclone Dineo will be the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon when it makes landfall.  Dineo will bring strong winds and locally heavy rain when it moves into Mozambique.  Heavy rain could create the potential for flash floods.  Tropical Cyclone Dineo will also produce a storm surge along the coast.  The highest storm surge will occur south of where the center makes landfall as the clockwise rotation pushes water toward the coast.

Tropical Cyclone Dineo Moves Toward Mozambique

Tropical Cyclone Dineo started to move slowly toward Mozambique on Monday.  At 10:00 p.m. EST on Monday the center of Tropical Cyclone Dineo was located at latitude 22.0°S and longitude 38.9°E which put it about 265 miles (430 km) east-northeast of Inhambane, Mozambique.  Dineo was moving toward the west-southwest at 6 m.p.h. (10 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 50 m.p.h. (80 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 65 m.p.h. (105 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 994 mb.

The circulation of Tropical Cyclone Dineo became more organized on Monday.  A primary rainband wrapped tightly around the eastern side of the center of circulation.  Recent microwave satellite imagery hinted at the formation of an eye at the center of circulation and a broken eyewall around the developing eye.  The strongest winds were occurring in thunderstorms in the primary rainband.  Additional bands of thunderstorms developed in the eastern half of the circulation.  A few thunderstorms formed west of the center, but most of the bands in that part of the circulation consist of low clouds and showers.  There may be some drier air in the western part of the circulation and the drier air may be inhibiting the development of thunderstorms in that region.  The thunderstorms near the center of circulation are generating upper level divergence.

Tropical Cyclone Dineo will be moving through a favorable environment during the next 24 hours.  It will be moving over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 30°C.  An upper level ridge centered over southern Africa will produce southwesterly winds that will blow toward the top of the circulation.  Those winds will produce some wind shear and they will limit upper level divergence on the western side of the circulation.  While the wind shear may slow the rate of intensification during the next 24 hours, Tropical Cyclone Dineo should strengthen on Tuesday.  Dineo could intensify into the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon before it reaches the coast of Mozambique.

Tropical Cyclone Dineo is near the western end of a subtropical ridge which is steering it slowly toward the west-northwest.  That ridge is expected to continue to steer Tropical Cyclone Dineo toward the west-northwest during the next 12 to 24 hours.  Eventually, the ridge is expected to get stronger and extend westward.  When that happens, the ridge could steer Dineo more toward the west.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone Dineo could approach the coast of Mozambique north of Inhambane in 24 to 30 hours.

Tropical Cyclone Dineo could be the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon when it reaches Mozambique.  It will bring gusty winds and heavy rain to parts of Mozambique.  Dineo could also generate a storm surge at the coast when it makes landfall.

Tropical Cyclone 05S Forms Over Mozambique Channel

A surface circulation organized quickly inside a low pressure system over the Mozambique Channel on Sunday and the system was designated as Tropical Cyclone 05S.  At 7:00 p.m. EST on Sunday the center or Tropical Cyclone 05S was located at latitude 21.6°N and longitude 39.9°E which put it about 540 miles (870 km) northeast of Maputo, Mozambique.  Tropical Cyclone 05S was moving toward the south-southwest at 5 m.p.h. (8 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 35 m.p.h. (55 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 45 m.p.h. (75 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 1000 mb.

Tropical Cyclone 05S has a tight center of circulation, but the distribution of thunderstorms is asymmetrical.  Multiple bands of thunderstorms developed in the eastern half of the circulation.  The strongest winds are occurring in the bands of thunderstorms.  However, there are mainly showers and a few isolated thunderstorms in the bands in the western half of the circulation.  The thunderstorms in the bands east of the center of circulation are beginning to generate upper level divergence.

Tropical Cyclone 05S will be moving through a favorable environment during the next several days.  It will be moving over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 30°C.  Tropical Cyclone 05S is underneath an upper level ridge.  The upper level winds are weak and there is not much vertical wind shear.  There may be some drier air in the western half of the circulation and that is the only inhibiting factor in the environment around Tropical Cyclone 05S.  Given the mostly favorable environment Tropical Cyclone 05S is likely to intensify during the next day or two.  If an inner core becomes fully developed, then a period of rapid intensification may be possible.

Tropical Cyclone 05S is currently in an area of weak steering currents because of its position underneath the upper level ridge.  Some global models are indicating that a track toward the southwest could be possible if the tropical cyclone moves closer to the western portion of the ridge.  On its anticipated track Tropical Cyclone 05S could move in the general direction of Mozambique.

Tropical Cyclone Carlos Intensifies Southwest of La Reunion

Tropical Cyclone Carlos intensified on Wednesday as it moved farther southwest of La Reunion.  At 10:00 p.m. EST on Wednesday the center of Tropical Cyclone Carlos was located at latitude 23.9°S and longitude 53.4°E which put it about 240 miles (390 km) south-southwest of St. Denis, La Reunion.  Carlos was moving toward the southeast at 9 m.p.h. (15 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 65 m.p.h. (105 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 80 m.p.h. (130 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 989 mb.

Tropical Cyclone Carlos is more well organized than it has been during any part of its existence.  A ring of thunderstorms wraps nearly completely around a small eye at the center of circulation.  There is only a small break in the eyewall on the northwest side of the eye.  Several other bands of thunderstorms exist in the eastern half of the circulation.  There are far fewer thunderstorms in the western half of the circulation.  The thunderstorms in the eyewall are generating strong upper level divergence which is pumping out mass in all directions.  The well developed upper level divergence allowed the surface pressure to decrease and the winds increased in response to the lower central pressure.

Tropical Cyclone Carlos moved into an area where the upper level winds were not as strong and the vertical wind shear diminished.  Carlos is currently in an area where there is little vertical wind shear.  It is moving over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 28°C.  When the shear diminished the tropical cyclone was able to extract and to use the energy from the ocean more efficiently which allowed it to intensify.  Tropical Cyclone Carlos will continue to move through a favorable environment for another 24 to 36 hours.  It still has a chance to intensify into the equivalent of a hurricane/typhoon.  Eventually, when Tropical Cyclone Carlos moves to a higher latitude, it will move into an area of stronger upper level winds.  When that happens increased wind shear and cooler Sea Surface Temperatures will cause Tropical Cyclone Carlos to weaken.

Tropical Cyclone Carlos has reached the western end of a subtropical ridge.  The counterclockwise flow around the ridge is starting to steer Carlos toward the southeast.  A general southeasterly motion is expected to continue during the next several days.  On its anticipated track the core of Tropical Cyclone Carlos with the strongest winds is expected to pass south of La Reunion.

Tropical Cyclone Carlos Passing West of La Reunion

The core of Tropical Cyclone Carlos passed west of La Reunion on Tuesday.  At 10:00 p.m. EST on Tuesday the center of Tropical Cyclone Carlos was located at latitude 21.4°S and longitude 53.2°E which put it about 130 miles (210 km) west-southwest of St. Denis, La Reunion.  Carlos was moving toward the southwest at 7 m.p.h. (11 km/h).  The maximum sustained wind speed was 45 m.p.h. (75 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 60 m.p.h. (95 km/h).  The minimum surface pressure was 1000 mb.

Limited thunderstorm formation and moderate vertical wind shear caused the low level circulation to weaken slightly on Tuesday.  A few more thunderstorms appeared to develop south of the center of circulation during the past few hours.  Additional thunderstorms seemed to be forming in spiral bands outside the core of the circulation.  The thunderstorms forming south of the core were generating upper level divergence which was pumping mass away from center of circulation,  So, after appearing less organized earlier in the day, the circulation of Tropical Cyclone Carlos seemed to be showing signs of greater organization in recent hours.

An upper level ridge east of Carlos is generating northeasterly winds that are blowing toward the top of the tropical cyclone.  Those winds are producing moderate vertical wind shear, which is inhibiting intensification.  However, Tropical Cyclone Carlos is moving over water where the Sea Surface Temperature is near 28°C.  So, there is plenty of energy in the upper ocean to support strengthening.  The upper level winds could diminish during the next 24 hours.  If the vertical wind shear decreases, then Tropical Cyclone Carlos could intensify during the next 24 to 36 hours.

Carlos is moving around the western end of a subtropical ridge which is steering the tropical cyclone toward the southwest.  Tropical Cyclone Carlos is expected to reach the western end of the ridge in 24 to 36 hours and then it will start to move toward the southeast.  On its anticipated track the core of Tropical Cyclone Carlos will move between La Reunion and Madagascar.  Tropical Cyclone Carlos is expected to pass south of La Reunion after it starts to move toward the southeast.

Tropical Cyclone Carlos brought locally heavy rain to portions of Mauritius and La Reunion.  Outer rainbands could bring some additional rain to parts of La Reunion during the next day or two.