Hurricane Melissa strengthened to Category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale south of Jamaica early on Sunday morning. At 8:00 a.m. EDT on Sunday the center of Hurricane Melissa was located at latitude 16.3°N and longitude 76.4°W which put the center about 120 miles (195 km) south-southeast of Kingston, Jamaica. Melissa was moving toward the west at 5 m.p.h. (8 km/h). The maximum sustained wind speed was 140 m.p.h. (225 km/h) and there were wind gusts to 165 m.p.h. (265 km/h). The minimum surface pressure was 952 mb.
A Hurricane Warning is in effect for Jamaica.
A Hurricane Watch is in effect for the Cuban provinces of Granma, Santiago de Cuba, Guantanamo, and Holguin.
A Hurricane Watch is in effect for the southern coast of Haiti from the border with the Dominican Republic to Port Au Prince.
A Tropical Storm Warning is also in effect for the southern coast of Haiti from the border with the Dominican Republic to Port Au Prince.
Hurricane Melissa strengthened to Category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale early on Sunday morning. A circular eye with a diameter of 20 miles (32 km) was at the center of Melissa’s circulation. The eye was surrounded by a ring of thunderstorms and the strongest winds were occurring in that ring of storms. Bands of showers and thunderstorms were revolving around the center of Hurricane Melissa. Storms near the center of Melissa generated upper level divergence that pumped large quantities of mass away from the hurricane. The removal of large amounts of mass caused the surface pressure to decrease rapidly.
The circulation around Hurricane Melissa was relatively small. Winds to hurricane force extended out 25 miles (40 km) from the center of Melissa’s circulation. Winds to tropical storm force extended out 170 miles (280 km) in the eastern half of Hurricane Melissa. Winds to tropical storm force extended out 90 miles (145 km) in the western side of Melissa’s circulation.
The Hurricane Intensity Index (HII) for Hurricane Melissa is 28.3. The Hurricane Size index (HSI) is 9.3 and the Hurricane Wind Intensity Size Index (HWISI) is 37.6. Hurricane Melissa is similar in size and intensity to Hurricane Charley when Charley made landfall in Southwest Florida in 2004.
Hurricane Melissa will move through an environment that will be favorable for intensification during the next 24 hours. Melissa will move over water where the Sea Surface Temperatures are near 30°C. It will move through a region where the upper level winds are weak and there will be little vertical wind shear. Hurricane Melissa will intensify during the next 24 hours. Melissa could intensify rapidly at times. Melissa could strengthen to category 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.
Hurricane Melissa will move around the southern side of a high pressure system that is north of Cuba. The high pressure system will steer Melissa slowly toward the west during the next 24 hours. On its anticipated track, Hurricane Melissa will move slowly south of Jamaica on Sunday. The high pressure system will weaken on Monday and Melissa will move toward Jamaica
Hurricane Melissa is likely to drop very heavy rain on Jamaica, Haiti and parts of the Dominican Republic. Very heavy rain is likely to cause catastrophic floods in some locations. Hurricane Melissa will also produce very strong winds in Jamaica. Melissa will be capable of causing severe damage. Widespread electricity outages are likely. Melissa could produce a storm surge of up to 16 feet (5 meters) along the south coast of Jamaica.
Hurricane Melissa will also bring strong winds and locally heavy rain to eastern Cuba early next week.
